THE GENESIS, EVOLUTION AND PRESENT STATUS OF WOMEN’S EDUCATION IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR
Khayrullayeva Iroda Fakhriddonovna, PhD student of Tashkent state university of oriental studies
Keywords:
Muslim women’s education, literacy level, Gulab Singh, Christian missionaries, modern British education system.Abstract
This article talks about the importance of education for women, including Muslim women, living in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, located in the northern part of India. This study is based on secondary sources and we will discuss the history of Jammu and Kashmir, women`s education system during the period of Muslim rulers, evolution of traditional education system, inclusion of women in the modern education system.
References
Christopher Snedden.(2015). Understanding Kashmir And Kashmirs. United Kingdom. p.22.
Encyclopedia Britanicca. (2022). Kashmir: region, Indian subcontinent.
Pal Pratapaditya. (1989). Indian sculpture: 700-1800. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06477-5.
Flood Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0
Flood Gavin D. (2008). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism, Wiley. ISBN 978-81-265- 1629-2
Singh Upinder. (2008). A history of ancient and early medieval India: from the stone age to the 12th century. Pearson education India. 2008.
Bose Sumantra. (2005). Kashmir: roots of conflict paths to peace. Harvard University Press. 2005 Asimov, M.S., Bosworth, C.E. (1998). Age of achievement: A.D. 750 to the end of the fifteenth century. UNESCO. 1998.
Houtsma, M.Th. (1993). E.J. Brill`s first encyclopedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1993.
Chadha Vivek. (2005). Low intensity conflicts in India: An analaysis. SAGE. 2005.
Schofield, V. (2010). Kashmir in conflict: India, Pakistan and unending war. I.B.Tauris. 2010.
Madan, T.N. (2008). Kashmir, Kashmirs, Kashmiriyat: An introductory essay. The valley of Kashmir: The making and unmaking of a composite culture. Delhi. 2008. 1-36pp.
Stein, B. (1998). A history of India. I. Oxford. 1998 Schofield Victoria. Kashmir:The origins of the dispute. BBC news. U.K. edit. 2016.16.01 Jamal, Arif. (2009). Shadow war: The untold story of jihad in Kashmir. Melville House. 2009. 52-53 pp.
Stein, B. (1998). A history of India (1sted.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, I. 1998.
Sheikh, Abdullah. (1993). Flames of the chinar. New Delhi. 1993.
Robert, Trumbull. (1947). Nehru urges U.N. to poll Kashmir: would have supervides ballot to decide accession-bomb attack by India report. New York Times Archives. 1947.11.3. 1 p.
Ahmad, I. (1987). Educational Development of Minorities in India: Future Perspective, Educational Planning and Administration, Vol.1, No.2. p.201.
Akhtar, J. (1992). Muslim Women’s Education in India. in Mohini Anjum (ed.). Muslim Women in India, Radiant Publishers, New Delhi, p.75.
Hasan, Z. and Menon, R. (2004). Unequal Citizens: A Study of Muslim Women in India.
Oxford University Press. New Delhi.
Agrawal, M. (1986). Education and Modernization: A Study of Hindu and Muslim Women.
Educresearch Publication. New Delhi. 1986.
Roy, S. (1979). Status of Muslim Women in north India: A study in dynamics of change.
B.R. Publishing Corporation. New Delhi. 1979.
George Greirson.Linguistic survey of India. Vol.VIII, Part 2; 241-251pp.
Kashmir through ages.Ministry of foreign affairs. https://mofa.gov.pk/kashmir-through- ages/ P.N.Bazaz. (1959) Daughters of the vitasta. Pamposh Publications. New Delhi. 5-6 pp.
Schooling in 1947. https://kashmirlife.net/schooling-in-1947-vol-14-issue-22-299084/ Amar Singh Chohan.(1998) Development of education in the J&K state. –New Delhi:Atlantic Publishers. New Delhi. 5-6 pp. 11.P.N.K. Bamzai.(1995) Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Vol. II, MD Publications New Delhi. 1994. pp.518-519.
Prem Nath Bazaz. Daughters of the vitasta: A history of Kashmiri women from early times to the present day. New Delhi. 1959. –P. 209.
Bhat Parvaiz Husayn.(2022)Moden education in Kashmir – I. Greater Kashmir. 2022.01.26.
Tyndale Biscoe.(1951) Autobiography. London:1951. –p. 257 Mohd Ishaq Khan.(1999) History of Srinagar (1846-1947).Cosmos publications. India. 1999. 151-153 pp.
Government of India (GOI). (2008). Department of School Education and Literacy (MoHRD), New Delhi, Retrieved June 21, 2010 from http://ssa.nic.in/ssaframework/ssafram. asp#1.0 Census of India, Jammu and Kashmir, Reports for 1961, 71, 81, 2001, 2011.
Fayaz Ahmad Bhat, Fouiza Khurshid and Nazmul Hussain. (2011) Islam, Gender and Education: A case study of Jammu and Kashmir. Asia-Pacific of Social Sciemces. India:2011. 159-187 p.
Diladan Manzoor.(2011) Female education in rural Kashmir: A historical study of block Pulwama (1947-2000). Dissertation. Universuty of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar-190006. 2011.
